Unit 7
CAPA 380 - Makeup:
Script Breakdown:
For this scene, we picked out that we would need to sculpt a wound for when the farmer gets impaled by a nail as we would need it to be shown as though the nail has gone straight through the farmer's hand. So, we could sculpt out a large wound around the impaled area, which would make it look like the nail is sticking out the farmer's hand. The products that we would use for this, would include: vaseline for a sculpture mould that would go with some corn starch to make a wax substance, fake blood and brushes to touch the sculpture up with some colour to match a burn-look.
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In addition to this, the "drops of blood fall on the floor" wouldn't be a difficult task at all as we would only need a bit of the fake blood as mentioned above and to have it drop on the floor. This makes the day of the shoot not so hard after all as we wouldn't really need to bring much extra for makeup.
Additionally, this scene would need a gelatine mould to outline a cut on the farmer's brow as the gelatine would act as a sculpted area where it would make the skin look as though there is a deep wound. We would also use fake blood yet again and some concealer to outline the area and match with the skin tone. Yet again, like with the other highlighted sections, the gelatine mould would do a lot for helping create a wound, rather than taking a lot of stuff for on set.
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Also, we could use the vaseline and corn starch method yet again, as this is safer and better suited than gelatine as we wouldn't need to use a microwave to mould the gelatine and vaseline and corn starch only requires a little bit of hot water and the requirement of mixing both ingredients.
A bloodied sheep would only require prosthetics from somewhere, where the prosthetic already has wounds and fake blood on it. Some companies do this, so we wouldn't have to go out of our way to get a fake sheep and cover it with fake wounds/moulds to make it look realistic.
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Another way of tackling this, would be via getting something that looks like a sheep and cover it with concealer, moulds from using gelatine and fake blood to completely cover it.
Drawings of the farmer and sheep with annotations:
For my first section of the farmer drawing, I made clear lines to show where each body part will go, such as the farmer's nose, eyes and where his neck will come from. In this design, a sphere-like drawing is first used, then a cut through the sphere to show a circular outline, which is used for helping draw the jawline.
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This section of the drawing was inspired by some YouTube tutorials and due to the help from the lesson we all had on the day of drawing these. I found that the most difficult part of drawing our actor, ready for some wounds to draw, was the positioning of his eye's and his ears.
Next, I managed to get rid off the lines and I made sure to include a farmer hat as well and even some shading to present a clearer look with no white spaces. Due to no more lines, I can get a clearer indication of what my final farmer portrait would look like and I would also add where the wounds will go.
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This second section of the drawing wasn't so difficult to draw as I only really needed to rub out the lines and then to draw the nose and shade the face in a little bit.
As for the wound designs, I annotated where the wound will go (Through farmer's hand) and I drew the fake blood around the area. Other annotations include the hip outlines, torso outlines and that these drawings are used for guidance purposes.
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Drawing these wounds helped create a better understanding of what our in real life makeup on the farmer would look like.
I have also included a closer sketch of the wound as you can see, which allows you to see the wound closer in more detail.
In terms of the sheep design, I went on to portray the deep wound cut and the blood everywhere. All of these designs link to our script, in which they each convey where each wound is and how the character would look on film.
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Drawing the sheep wound really helped identify where we would place each wound onto the real life mimic of a dead sheep. Obviously, we wouldn't be able to use a real dead sheep for ethical reasons, but there are many alternatives that we have taken interest in and the drawings really do help annotate where the wounds would go.
Coloured Variants:
To get the drawing's coloured on Premiere Pro, we used the 'level' tool to balance the black and white colours in the image. Basically, this is used to balance these colours and bring out more of the outlines. After using this tool, I had to change the opacity of the brush and find the correct colours for the farmer's shirt etc. Also, you might need to change the blend mode to 'multiply', so the added colours will mix with the drawing.
Budgeting for Makeup/Prosthetics:
A budget list is needed so that we can get an overall total on how our makeup items will affect our budget. Even though this is not going to be bought, we can see how much it may cost other filming company's when producing a short horror film. Yes, this total is expensive just for a few makeup items, so it could be much cheaper, but these items are the best products for wounds and fake blood.
Workshops
Hair Application:
Our task for this project, was to use spirit gum, which is a natural adhesive that allowed us to attach fake hair to a subject and for our first subject.The way in which we applied the hair was from the help of the adhesive, where we carefully placed each thread of hair onto the skin, where the adhesive was placed. .We chose Tim as he was willing to go for the Will Stone look. Basically, we took turns in applying the spirit gum and we then got a clump of hair and applied it to each spot, until the moustache looked like Will's.
Some parts of the hair attachment didn't look right as there were strands sticking out, so we used some scissors and just cut those parts of until the hair looked neat and tidy. We didn't have natural looking hair really as there was just blonde, which was too blonde to be considered natural. However, there was a little bit of brown hair and to make this look like Tim's hair, we mixed a bit of brown and blonde hair together. The way in which we styled the hair was by cutting off the correct amount of hair that we would like from the 3 different pieces of hair and placed one on each side of Jordan's face and one on his chin, in which we then twisted each piece until they were all close and clumped up together.
Patch tests were used to see whether someone would have a reaction to the spirit gum as it may cause a rash on some subjects. To do a patch test, you would basically apply a bit of spirit gum to an area where the skin is most sensitive to other parts of the body, such as the wrist or just behind one's ear. If the subject had no problem with the spirit gum, they were ok to have it applied to wherever they wanted it. In this case, Jordan opted in to have his chin applied with the gum as he was ok with it and we used the blonde hair to sort of match Jordan's and in the end, we managed to pull off a 'Sensei-look', as there were three big pieces of hair hanging from his moustache area and one from his chin.
Straight/No Make-Up:
Before
After
Step 1
For step 1, you would need a clean face and to do this, get a makeup removal wipe and wipe all around your face.
Step 2
Step 2 requires getting rid of oily skin as on your face, that is where most oil deposits are and these are typically located near your nose, forehead or below your eyes. To actually remove most oils, you can use an oil absorbing sheet and all you've got to do is just dab around the areas like below your eyes.
Step 3
Step 3 involves moisturising cream, which helps soothe your face and makes it softer ready for the
Step 4
Apply Primer. Primer is used to set a base for the makeup. This lightweight mist keeps the kin perfectly modified all day. In addition to this, Primer will fix the makeup in place.
Step 5
Then, apply concealer below your eyes and on any redness to eliminate this and it allows for the next step to be easier, as it will help structure your face more, for the look that you want, such as raising your cheekbone.
Step 6
For the next step, you would need to get a damp sponge and blend the concealer with your skin tone, so that the concealer isn't too prominent.
Step 7
Apply contour under jawline to raise your facial structure and this will eventually blend in with all the other applied concealers.
Step 8
Next, for the penultimate step, use a setting spray so that the concealer sets with your skin and won't randomly fade out.
Step 9
Finally, use some powder to make sure that there isn't too much concealer and blend it in a bit more with your skin to match the tone.
Beauty/Make-Up:
When it came to the beauty part, we were free with what we could design on someone's face, but it had to be a photo from the brief, so we went with 'Frank from The Rocky Horror Picture Show' and we managed to pull this of quite well. In terms of the difficulties, we struggled with the eyebrow liner and at first we got it, but we went a little overboard as you can see above. However, we did eventually fix this by just wiping it off and re-doing it.
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To get the eyebrows thicker and darker, we used a black pencil and drew around the eyebrows, until they looked like the image and if they were thick enough. Additionally, we had a colour palette and decided which one would look best for the brief image we chose, so a dark shade of blue worked well, along with a lighter blue to contrast each other and to get a nice shade. Lipstick was used as well, but we needed to start with a bright red and then apply a very dark blue to mix in with the red one and eventually after a few tries, we managed to get an exact replica that looks like the brief image.
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The way in which we contoured the makeup, was by looking at the colours we had and using them to our advantage, by using dimension from them. So, one colour would go along their forehead and then another colour would go on each side of their face and after using the brush we could fade the colours with their skin tone and over time of using the colours, eventually they would start changing the skin tone gradually.
For Tim, he decided to do Lorenzo and do 'Velvet Goldmine'. Before actually doing the look, Tim applied the straight/no-makeup look to prep Lorenzo's face for the actual makeup.
Ageing Makeup:
Before
After
Step 1
Firstly, you would need moisturiser and primer to prep the facial skin ready for the concealer. Start with applying darker colours than lighter ones to highlight the wrinkles and deepen the skin.
Step 2
Then, lightly powder the eyebrows and any facial hair to match the colour of an aged person. Blend in this powder, so it isn't obvious.
Step 3
Thirdly, use a small brush and lightly go over any lines on your forehead to highlight these areas to expose ageing and make it obvious. Even go over any lines when you smile and when you clench your nose. After you have applied this, relax your face.
Step 4
For the next step, use a lighter colour and blend in with the darker colours as your skin would otherwise not go with the darker colour and the existing lines wouldn't look good and would look fake.
Step 5
Now, use heavy powder as you would want to blend everything in on your face to overall present the ageing and get everything in tone.
Step 6
For step 6, you would need to lighten your lips with a sensible colour choice as lips that are more vivid look young, whereas a lighter lip would show an aged mouth area.
Step 7
Finally, use white paint or even more powder on your eyebrows to make it seem as though you have grey hairs and now you have completed the aged look!
Moulding fingers:
Step 1
To start with this part of the unit, you would need to get a cup full of water that is body temperature. For this, you should just mix hot and cold water and keep testing the temperature by putting your finger in the cup. If you cannot feel anything, the temperature is perfect. The reason we need this correct temperature, is because the moulding powder needs to set and combine with the water and not combine too quickly.
Step 2
Secondly, you would need the actual moulding powder, which has a minty smell. Fill a second cup to the point where you would reach your knuckle.
Step 3
After you have gotten the correct volume of both the water and the powder, start to mix them together but make sure to add the powder into the water and not the other way around as the water would otherwise just sit on top of the powder and everything would get messy. Mix together at a slow rate, so you can get a nice smooth texture.
Step 4
Step four requires that you place your finger in the alginate(mixed powder and water) to the point where the alginate meets your knuckle and not to the bottom of the cup. Leave your finger in it until you can feel that the mould has hardened around your finger and to the point where you can barely lift your finger out.
Step 6
Gelatine is the next requirement and you shouldn't use too much. Use a microwave as you would want to melt the gelatine for every five seconds. Check each time to make sure you get the right consistency and more importantly to not burn it.
Step 7
Once you have gotten a good amount of melted gelatine, pour this into the mould and leave it to set for multiple minutes until it has solidified fully.
Step 8
Finally, break apart the mould from the gelatine very carefully and start to apply concealer and any makeup to match your skin tone and voila!
Wounds:
Step 1
Firstly, patch test some PVA glue on a subject to make sure that they are not allergic to it. After, choose a template for a wound, which you will use to apply to your subject.
Step 2
Next, choose a spot for the wound template and apply a small amount of glue to both the subject's choice of wound application and the wound template to make it like an adhesive, so you could have the wound attached to your subject and it won't ever come off.
Step 3
Thirdly, get some gelatine blender substance and a Q-tip and use it around the edges of the wound, so that the wound can blend together slightly with the skin and work with the gelatine mold.
Step 4
After this, use some more blender to dissolve the edges of the wound and then get some powder to take away any excess adhesive, so that the application isn't messy.
Step 5
Step five requires that you use some makeup to blend your skin tone with the mould and if this doesn't go to plan get some more powder and dab it down to blend it in some more.
Step 6
For this next step, use red grease paint to express the wound more clearly and to make it more bruised and cut.
Step 7
Finally, use fake blood lightly around the wound to make it apparent of a deep cut and the wound should now look convincing.
Sculpting Wounds:
Step 1
Firstly, get some corn flower and some vaseline in a pot together and mix them both, until you get a play-dough-like mould.
Step 2
Next, start placing the mould on to your subject's preferred spot and start dabbing the sides down, so the mould sticks down.
Step 3
Thirdly, get some concealer/makeup and blend your skin tone with the mould, so that the wound mould looks real.
Step 4
Finally, get some fake blood or a certain colour of makeup and apply different shades around the wound to make it look realistic and to give a burned skin look.
Safety in makeup/prosthetics:
Safety is needed when applying certain products to your skin and some people can react in different ways, such as people having an allergic reaction. To prevent this from potentially happening, make sure you do a patch test, where you get a little bit of the product and apply in a more sensitive area of your body, such as your wrists. Once applied, let it sit for 20 minutes or longer and if no reaction has occurred, you should be safe to continue with the product. When it comes to applying glue to a subject, make sure not to apply too much and before removing, gently peel away the glue.
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Safety checklists are important in making sure that every potential hazard is looked over, so if you would need to use any sharp tools for makeup application, then you would require a sharps bin. My group didn't use any sharp makeup tools, but we still needed to look at anything potentially hazardous, which include the use of: spirits(don't put spirits in the bin or down the sink), gelatine, heating gelatine models and any makeup removal other than spirits.
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When it comes to hygiene, make sure that you always disinfect anything that could cause cross-contamination to a subject. For example, we had used a brush, but it was a little dirty, so after cleaning the brush, it was then good to use, as it could have caused a infection if the subject had a cut on their face, where the makeup were to be applied. Other serious hygiene problems could easily be avoided by stopping the action of sharing makeup appliances, which apply to tools that would be needed to be used on a subject.
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In terms of towels for wiping away any makeup, always make sure to never leave around any dirty towels and make sure there is an adequate supply, so that everyone has access to cleaning a subject's face. Being safe from aerosol is different as you need to be much more careful, such as the fact that you shouldn't: spray anything near a flame or a fire, do not smoke whilst using any spray, do not spray near any heat source/ignition and you must keep any aerosol away from children. Solvents are another safety concern, in the way that you should chooses fragrance free options and avoid products labeled with waterproof or long-wearing.
Example Photos of the safe use of makeup appliances:
Example 1
Gelatine moulding had to be carefully looked at, as we needed to use a microwave to heat up the gelatine, so that we could mould it into our required shape. Health and safety comes into place here, as with any makeup institution, so we needed to carefully use the microwave and we had to let the jug of gelatine sit for a little bit, but not too long, so it wasn't a potential burn risk.
Example 2
Using a brush to apply some concealer was another additional health and safety thing to look at, as the brushes we had were dirty, so they would possibly cause cross-contamination to our subject. As you can see here, the brush is clean and only has concealer that we were using and no left over concealer from anyone else.
Example 3
Water is not any health and safety problem, but how we got it was needed to be looked at, so we had to be cautious about hot boiling water. We needed to get the perfect balance of hot and cold-like skin temperature, so it was like feeling nothing.
Uploaded Short Horror Film - With Annotations of makeup used:
The first time in which you see some use of makeup on the actor, is after the nail scene, where he gets impaled by the nail on the door. To resemble the consequence of his hand getting dug into by a nail, we moulded a wound onto him by getting some vaseline and some powder and started to add some fake blood onto it after. After the mould, we had the actor put on some bandages and he even had a moulded cut above his eye, after he fell over.
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Using the fake blood was a problem, because it was going everywhere and we needed to clean it up a few times. It even started to get on the actor's clothes and so for the final edit, we didn't use the shot and only ever included the shot of the farmer with the bandage and the cut above his eye. To actually do the makeup, wasn't too difficult, but it did require a lot of patience to begin with. For the wounded hand, we had Lorenzo use some vaseline and fake blood to create a sculpture on the actor's hand. We had the sculpture create a big divot, so the fake blood would pour out and start to look realistic.
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Additionally, for the brow cut-wound, we had Harry patiently use wax, which was in the budget list and fake blood to make it look realistic enough. To blend in these wounds, Harry used the same skin tone colour contour and started using the brush to blend the edge of the wound in.